Which policy or infrastructure scenario illustrates how disability can be socially constructed?

• A. Inaccessible buildings create barriers.
• B. Providing universal design features eliminates disability entirely.
• C. Medical interventions cure disability.
• D. Personal motivation is the sole factor in accessing services.

Answer: (A)

Disability as a social construction means that disability arises from the way society and its spaces are organized, not just from a person’s impairment. Inaccessible buildings illustrate this best because the barrier comes from the environment itself—stairs without ramps, narrow doorways, lack of elevators, or confusing signage. These design and policy choices create limitations for people with mobility, vision, or other needs, making functioning depend on whether the environment accommodates them. The impairment may exist, but disability becomes real when the surrounding world fails to be accessible. This shows how policy and infrastructure can construct disability by shaping who can participate. By contrast, ideas that universal design will eliminate disability entirely overpromise what design can achieve; medical cures and blaming personal motivation focus on the individual rather than the social and environmental barriers that create disability.